plaster

英 ['plɑːstə] 美['plæstɚ]

CET6TEM8CET4IELTSGRE考研TOEFL低频词常用词汇

复数: plasters;第三人称单数: plasters;过去式: plastered;过去分词: plastered;现在分词: plastering;

plaster 灰泥，石膏

来自拉丁语plastrum,灰泥，石膏，来自希腊语plastos,形成的，铺平的，来自plassein,形成，铺开，来自PIE*pele,展开，放平，词源同plan,plain.

plaster: plaster: [OE] Like plastic, plaster comes ultimately from the Greek verb plássein ‘mould’. Combination with the prefix en- ‘in’ produced emplássein ‘daub on, plaster’. From its past participle emplastós was derived émplastron ‘medicinal application to the skin’, which reached Latin as emplastrum. Medieval Latin shortened it to plastrum, which Old English adopted as plaster. Its use for a ‘soft substance spread on walls, etc’ was introduced via Old French plastre in the 14th century.
=> plastic
plaster (n.): late Old English plaster "medicinal application," from Vulgar Latin plastrum, shortened from Latin emplastrum "a plaster" (in the medical as well as the building sense), from Greek emplastron "salve, plaster" (used by Galen instead of more usual emplaston), noun use of neuter of emplastos "daubed on," from en- "on" + plastos "molded," from plassein "to mold" (see plasma). The building construction material is first recorded in English c. 1300, via Old French plastre, from the same source, and in early use the English word often had the French spelling.
plaster (v.): "to coat with plaster," early 14c., from plaster (n.) and partly Old French plastrier "to cover with plaster" (Modern French plâtrer), from plastre (see plaster (n.). Related: Plastered; plastering. Figurative use from c. 1600. Meaning "to bomb (a target) heavily" is first recorded 1915. Sports sense of "to defeat decisively" is from 1919.

2. The bullet slammed into the ceiling, spraying them with bits of plaster.: 子弹砰地射进了天花板，掉落的石膏碎片落了他们一身。

3. Once the plaster was dry there was no room for correction.: 一旦灰泥一干，就没有机会修改了。

4. The building was of greyish plaster and looked old.: 这幢楼刷的是浅灰色的灰泥，看上去有些陈旧。

5. It had a high ceiling, ornamented with plaster fruits and flowers.: 天花板很高，上面装饰着石膏水果和花朵。